Which theory, proposed by Edwin Sutherland, suggests that criminal behavior stems from exposure to favorable attitudes towards crime?

The theory proposed by Edwin Sutherland that suggests criminal behavior arises from exposure to favorable attitudes toward crime is differential association. This sociological framework emphasizes that criminal behavior is learned through interactions with others. According to this theory, individuals learn criminal techniques and the values that support such behavior from the people they associate with, particularly during formative years.

Sutherland posited that if a person is frequently exposed to pro-criminal attitudes or behaviors from peers or family, the likelihood of adopting those behaviors increases. Essentially, the theory underscores the importance of social context and relationships in the development of criminality, suggesting that behavior is not inherently ingrained, but rather acquired through social influences and observations.

Labeling theory, social learning theory, and strain theory all address different aspects of criminal behavior but do not specifically focus on the concept of learning behavior through social interactions as Sutherland's differential association does. For instance, labeling theory centers on how being labeled as a criminal can influence one's identity and future behavior, while social learning theory involves a broader range of learned behaviors, not solely within the context of crime. Strain theory, on the other hand, pertains to the pressures individuals face in trying to achieve societal goals, leading to deviance when legitimate means are unavailable. Thus, differential