Which sociological term describes a trait that can vary under different circumstances?

The term "variable" in sociology refers to a characteristic or trait that can change based on different circumstances or contexts. This concept is fundamental to understanding how certain factors, behaviors, or conditions can be influenced by various external or internal elements. For instance, individuals may display different levels of behavior based on social environments, cultural contexts, or personal experiences. In research, variables are crucial as they help sociologists analyze relationships, test hypotheses, and establish patterns in social behavior.

In contrast, fixed characteristics do not change regardless of the context, while constants remain the same throughout different situations, and properties typically describe inherent attributes or qualities but do not emphasize their variability over time or context. Understanding the nature of variables allows sociologists to appreciate the complexity of social phenomena and human behavior.