Which school of criminology argues that criminal behavior is learned through social interactions?

The school of criminology that argues criminal behavior is learned through social interactions is known as cultural transmission. This concept stems from the idea that individuals learn values, norms, and behaviors through their interactions within specific social contexts, particularly through relationships with peers, family, and community.

Cultural transmission highlights how behaviors, including criminal behavior, can be passed down from one generation to the next through socialization processes. This learning occurs when individuals are exposed to environments where criminal behavior is normalized or reinforced, leading them to adopt similar behaviors.

Thus, cultural transmission effectively explains the process of learning criminal behavior as a function of social interaction, emphasizing that crime is not merely an individual choice but rather a product of the social settings and influences surrounding an individual. In contrast, the other concepts listed do not specifically address the learning process of criminal behavior through social interaction in this manner.