Which of the following factors contributes to a period of cultural maladjustment?

The correct answer is related to the concept of culture lag, which refers to the period of time it takes for society to adapt to new technological or social advancements. This lag occurs when non-material culture (values, beliefs, norms) struggles to catch up with changes in material culture (technology, inventions). As a result, there can be a mismatch between existing cultural norms and values and new realities introduced by innovation or change.

During periods of culture lag, social disorganization and confusion can arise, leading to cultural maladjustment. For example, when new technologies emerge rapidly, communities may not have the necessary social structures or values in place to understand or effectively integrate these changes. This can create a disconnect between individuals or groups and their cultural contexts, contributing to maladaptive behaviors or societal problems.

Other options, such as cultural innovation or cultural imperialism, refer to advancements or imposed cultural practices that don’t necessarily lead to maladjustment. Cultural relativism promotes understanding of different cultures without judgment, which is more about tolerance than the adjustment to cultural change. Thus, culture lag is the most fitting factor that directly describes a period of cultural maladjustment.