Which of the following concepts refers to a leadership style where males hold the primary authority?

The concept that refers to a leadership style where males hold the primary authority is patriarchy. In a patriarchal system, social structures and institutions are predominantly organized in favor of men, who typically exercise greater power and authority over women and other gender minorities. This leadership style manifests in various aspects of society, including family, politics, and workplace hierarchies.

Patriarchy is characterized by norms and practices that reinforce male dominance and often limit women's roles in decision-making processes. It is important to recognize that this system can influence cultural attitudes, legal frameworks, and economic opportunities available to different genders. Understanding patriarchy is crucial in discussions of gender inequality and the historical context of societal structures.

In contrast, feminism is a movement that seeks to achieve equality and advocate for women's rights, while matriarchy refers to a social structure where women hold primary authority, which is the opposite of patriarchy. Democracy describes a system of governance rooted in the principles of equality, where all citizens have the right to participate in decision-making, but it does not inherently signify a male-dominated leadership.