Which approach involves directly questioning individuals to gather information?

The approach that involves directly questioning individuals to gather information is an interview. In this context, an interview is a qualitative research method where a researcher engages with a participant through a structured or semi-structured format, asking open-ended questions. This method allows for in-depth responses, enabling the researcher to explore complex topics and situations in detail through thorough dialogue.

Interviews can vary in style, from formal to informal, and they serve to capture personal perspectives, experiences, and emotions, making them particularly valuable in sociological research where understanding human behavior and social interactions is essential. As a result, interviews are particularly effective for collecting nuanced data that may not emerge through other means, such as surveys, which often involve more structured questions with limited response options.