What term describes institutions that regulate all aspects of a person's life under a single authority?

The term that accurately describes institutions that regulate all aspects of a person's life under a single authority is "total institutions." Coined by sociologist Erving Goffman, total institutions are characterized by their ability to control most, if not all, facets of an individual's life, often secluding them from the broader society. This includes institutions such as prisons, military boot camps, and some religious cults, where the environment is highly structured and organized, demanding conformity and adherence to the rules set by the institution.

Total institutions aim to reshape the identity of their members through intensive socialization processes, often stripping away previous identities and instilling new roles and norms that align with the institution's goals. This concept reveals the complexity of social control and the profound impact such institutions can have on personal agency and identity, highlighting the powerful relationship between authority and individual behavior.