What term describes a set of beliefs and practices that serve to uphold dominant social and economic structures?

The term "dominant ideology" refers to the set of beliefs, values, and practices that are widely accepted and promoted within a society, helping to maintain and justify the existing social and economic structures. This concept highlights how particular ideologies reflect the interests of dominant groups and serve to reinforce their power and privilege. In essence, dominant ideologies shape our understanding of what is considered "normal," "acceptable," or "ideal" in social interactions and institutions, thereby influencing behavior and policies in ways that benefit those in positions of power.

In contrast, social norms are the unwritten rules and expectations for behavior within a society or group, while counterculture refers to groups that reject and challenge mainstream societal norms and values. Similarly, a subculture represents a segment of society that shares distinct values and norms that differ from the larger culture but does not necessarily challenge the dominant ideology as countercultures do. Therefore, the concept of dominant ideology specifically emphasizes the ways in which certain beliefs uphold and perpetuate the status quo in social and economic systems, making it the most accurate answer in this context.