What does nonmaterial culture refer to?

Nonmaterial culture refers to the intangible aspects of a society's culture, which encompasses the beliefs, values, norms, customs, practices, and symbols that influence people's behavior and interactions within that culture. This includes the ways individuals interpret their experiences and the meanings they ascribe to various aspects of life, which greatly shape social life.

The correct choice emphasizes adjustments to material conditions and cultural aspects, highlighting how nonmaterial culture interacts with and responds to the physical and economic environment. This interaction defines how society perceives and reacts to various elements, thus shaping social norms and practices.

In contrast, cultural artifacts and material goods primarily reflect the tangible aspects of culture, such as objects and technology created by a society. Cultural festivals and celebrations focus on specific events that can represent cultural identity but are more about expression than the underlying values and beliefs. The influences of the physical environment on culture address how geography and natural surroundings can impact cultural practices but do not directly define the nonmaterial aspects that govern cultural attitudes and behaviors.