What does growth rate measure in a population?

Growth rate is a vital statistic in population studies, capturing the net change in the number of individuals over a specific period. It encompasses various factors that affect the size of a population. The correct answer reflects this comprehensive view, as the growth rate accounts for both natural change (the difference between births and deaths) and net migration (the balance of immigration and emigration).

By considering both the natural increase—where births exceed deaths—and the migratory influences that can either add to or subtract from a population, the growth rate provides a more nuanced and accurate depiction of how a population is changing over time. This dual approach is essential in understanding overall population dynamics, especially in areas undergoing significant migration or demographic shifts.