What are unreliable generalizations about all members of a group that do not recognize individual differences called?

Stereotypes are simplified and fixed ideas about a group of people that do not acknowledge the complexities and variations within the individuals of that group. They are often based on assumptions rather than factual evidence and can lead to misunderstandings and biases. For instance, when people think of a particular demographic in a certain way based solely on a stereotype, they overlook the unique characteristics and experiences that each individual may possess. This oversimplification can be harmful, as it perpetuates inaccurate beliefs and may contribute to social inequality or discrimination.

In contrast, stratification refers to the hierarchical organization of society into different layers, while stigma involves the negative attitudes and beliefs directed at certain individuals or groups based on perceived differences. A subculture is a smaller cultural group within a larger culture, maintaining its own distinct values and norms, which again differs from the concept of stereotyping individuals based on generalized beliefs.